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Early Card painters and Printers in Germany, Austria and Flandern (14th and 15th century)

Analysis of the data to early card painters and printers in Germany and Flandern as collected by W.L. Schreiber in Die ältesten Spielkarten und die auf das Kartenspiel Bezug habenden Urkunden des 14. und 15. Jahrh. (1937), p. 133 - 135, in relation to "1390: first German paper mill in Nürnberg" and a later paper mill near Basel.
Schreiber didn't collect data to the profession "Formschneider", but adds in his remarks, that likely early Formschneiders (which are frequently mentioned in old documents) worked also as playing card producers.

- 1450 - 1460 - 1470 - 1480 - 1490 - 1500
Nürnberg 8 1 9 9 8 3
Augsburg - near to Nürnberg 1 - 1 7 8 5
Ulm - near to Nürnberg 3 1 2 - 1 3
Bamberg - very near to Nürnberg 1 - - - - -
Ansbach - very near to Nürnberg - - - 1 1 1
Würzburg - very near to Nürnberg - - 1 - - -
Regensburg - near to Nürnberg - 1 4 1 1 -
Nördlingen - near to Nürnberg - - 1 - 1 -
Strassburg - near to Basel 3 - 2 2 1 -
Basel - - 3 6 6 2
Munich - near to Basel - - - - - 2
Leipzig - greater distance to Nürnberg - - - - - 3
Breslau - greater distance to Nürnberg - - - - - 3
Vienna - greater distance to Nürnberg - - - 4 1 1
Tournai - very far to Nürnberg 2 4 2 1 4 5


Schreiber's lists

Ansbach

1478 "der kartenmaler"
1486 the Jew Schonlein and his wife as card painters (- 1489)
1496 Hans kartenmaler (- 1507)

Augsburg

1418 Hans
1462 Stefan
1471 Christoph Trächsel
1471 Hans Gogel (- 1495)
1471 Sorg (father of a book printer)
1475 Thomas Drächsel
1475 Hans Müller (- 1497)
1475 Hans Rüst (died 1484)
1479 Christoph
1484 widow of Hans Rüst (Rustin)
1486 Erhart
1486 Gabriel
1486 Jos. Singer (1497 - )
1488 Hans Högner (Hagner - 1496; compare Leipzig 1500)
1488 Kretzenmacher
1488 Hans Winnhauser
1488 Hans Riss (- 1497)
1492 Katharina (Kartenmacherin)
1492 Thoman
1494 Jerg
1495 Blesy
1497 Ulrich Müller

Bamberg

1444 Jörg Hon

Basel

1461 Jacob Philips
1464 Lienhart Ysenhut (- 1507)
1470 Claus Förster von Augsburg (- 1499)
1473 Adam von Spir (- 1489)
1475 Michel Pöler (- 1480)
1476 Henki (- 1494)
1477 Thomas Swartz (- 1511)
1478 Ludwig Bottschuch (- 1512)
1479 Schweblin
1483 Peter Lebersoll (- 1486)
1485 Heinrich Dietler
1485 Jacob Reideler (- 1500)
1487 Fridli Hirsinger (- 1499)
1487 Hans Bastor (- 1488)
1490 Turfs Meder (- 1492)
1494 (hans Esel
1494 Michel Gwicht (- 1512)

Breslau

1490 Niklas Meynhart (1497)
1499 a card painter attacked another with a knife

Frankfurt a.M.

1392 Hensel of Wissenburg

Leipzig

1490 Melchior Rist von Nördlingen (- 1521 or 1522)
1492 Caspar Ryss von Nürnberg
1500 Hans Hegener von Augsburg

Munich

1500 Partlme
1500 Wilhelm

Nördlingen

1463 Lärenz Schurner von Ulm
1489 Melchior Rist moves to Leipzig

Nürnberg

1414 "der kartenmoler"
1422 Michel Wyener (- 1447)
1431 Hans Heilgensmid (- 1433)
1433 Ell Kartenmacherin
1441 Michel Winterperck (- 1452)
1443 Herman (- 1447)
1445 Hans Paur (- 1447)
1459 Michel (female card painter, died in this year)
1462 Pueri Stephan
1462 Erhart Stein (- 1463)
1463 Sygmunt Wynner
1465 H. Hylprant
1465 H. Swind
1467 Vincent Seltzam (becomes citizen)
1467 Endres Kartenmollerin (died this year)
1467 Pueri Hultprant
1470 Hanns Prawnt (becomes citizen, compare 1470)
1471 Lehener
1475 Erhard Puchner
1477 Jacob Perchinger (- 1482)
1478 Hanns Franck (becomes citizen)
1478 Jacob (- 1480; compare 1477)
1479 Hanns Sporer (- 1487)
1479 Kathran Steinin Kartenmallerin (died this year)
1479 Margaretha Ulrich Kartenmalerin (died this year)
1480 Caspar Lechner (died this year)
1482 Hanns Wiedersatz (died this year)
1483 Hermann Hilprand (died this year)
1484 Adam Sumenhart
1485 Lorentz Kün (became citizen)
1486 Hanns Prant (compare 1470)
1487 Jörg Marckart
1489 Hans Lengker (became citizen)
1490 Schürstab
1490 Jörg Rauch (Rauhe,- 1495)
1495 Fritz Zwierswager
1500 Andreas Gogl (becomes citizen)

Regensburg

1460 Margko Rotnfeld aufdrucker
1461 Wenczl maler aufdrucker
1463 Görg priefdrucker
1463 Linhart Wolff priefdrucker
1464 Henricus Vennd callmaler
1471 Johannes Eysenhut aufdruckter
1481 Ulrich Ketner

Strassburg

1440 Johann Meidenbach (- 1444)
1448 Berchthold Lebesanft (- 1451)
1449 Hans Seman (- 1466)
1466 Augustinus (- 1475)
1466 Bartholomaeus Kistler von Spire (- 1486)
1476 Hans Lutzelmann
1478 Jörg von Würzburg
1481 Symunt

Ulm

1402 der Kartenmaler
1434 Hans Wachter
1449 Heinrich Kartenmacher
1460 Peter Kartenmaler
1463 Lorenz Schürnow (moved this year to Nördlingen)
1469 Hans Hainlein
1481 Peter Heckennagel
1495 Jörg Spalt
1495 Hans und Anton Nürnberger

Würzburg

1462 der Kartenmacher

Tournai (Flandern)

1427 Michel Noel (- 1442)
1427 Phillippe de Bos (- c. 1450)
1456 Jean de Wingle
1457 filz du goudalier
1458 Martin de Baisieu
1460 Jean de Baisieu
1466 Jean Iterot (lived still 1499, his widow proceeded the business till 1509)
1468 Martin Daret (- 1505)
1468 Pierre Mainet (- ca. 1509)
1473 Phillippe a Quartes (- 1481)
1482 Antoine Hanicoul (- 1488)
1486 Nicolas Molier
1487 Antoine Bighait (- 1505)
1489 Waleram Hancocq (- 1505)
1491 Jean Iterot le jeune (- 1505)
1491 Guillaume Bighait (- 1509)
1493 Paul de Fatrissant
1498 Guillaume D ret (- 1526)
1499 Claude Bighet (- 1526)

Vienna (Austria)

1471 Valentin Hagenberger Aufdrucker
1477 Cuntz Mair Aufdrucker
1479 Simon Perkheimer
1479 Jorg Schneider Aufdrucker
1498 Jobst Cossmann Briefmaler
1501 Woffenberger

(composed by autorbis



Note: The analysis is made according the data available in the year 1932 (Schreiber died this year, his book was published posthum some years later).
We've a natural interest to update the data to current available information, if you've better informations, we would be enjoyed, if you take contact at the yahoogroup "LTarot".



German Cardmakers in Italy

German cardmakers early on mass-produced cards and also travelled a lot. Here is what I have found in regards to Italy so far. Can we add to it? 1395 Bologna. "A certain Federico of German origin, suspected of pushing counterfeit coins in Bologna in 1395, also sold 'cartas figuratas et pictas ad imagines et figuras sanctorum'*". [Ortalli 1996, 197; Orioli 1908, 112]
*"card-forms painted with images and forms of the saints".

1427 Bologna. John of Cologne ("Giovanni di Colonia"), son of John "who makes pictured playing cards" (qui facit cartesellas depictas ad ludendum) is noted as having injured another cardmaker, Giovanni da Bologna, in a fight. [Orioli 1908, 111-112]

1441 Venice. A law is passed forbidding imported cards (Kaplan asserts, based on what source I don't know but probably correctly, that this law was aimed at German cards rather than competition with other Italian cities, such as Bologna or Florence). [Many sources, e.g. Kaplan 1978, 26; Ortalli 1996, 197 note 96]

1459 Bologna. Master John of Rudolf of Germany ("maestro Giovanni di Rodolfo di Alemagna") recognizes the cards stolen in a robbery as his. (Orioli says the title "magister" suggests John is the card- maker, but admits it is not clear.) [Orioli 1908, 112]

Sources

Kaplan 1978, "The Encyclopedia of Tarot" (US Games Systems Inc.)

Orioli 1908 "Sulle carte da giuoco a Bologna nel secolo XV" (Il Libro e la Stampa, n.s. II, pp. 109-119)

Ortalli 1996 "The Prince and the Playing Cards. The Este family and the role of the courts at the time of the Kartenspiel-Invasion" (Ludica II (1996) pp. 175-205)

(Ross Gregory Caldwell)