Spain, Portugal and Barcelona - Early Playing Cards Research: Cities

<table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="0"> <tr><td><a name="a"><b><font size="3" color="#0033ff" face="Verdana, Arial Narrow">    A</font></b></a><a href="http://autorbis.net" target="_blank"><font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial Narrow">UTORBIS.net </font></a> - <a href="http://trionfi.com" target="_blank"><font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial Narrow">TRIONFI.com </font></a> </td> <td align="right"><font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial Narrow">created 2003 - 2006       </td> </tr></table><hr size="1" width="90%"> <table width="100%"><tr><td rowspan="2" width="30%" align="left" valign="top" bgcolor="#dddddd"> <b><font size="+1">Cities <br> <br>- and their Playing Card Notes </font><br> - Libraries - generell informations </b> <ul> <li><a href="http://trionfi.com/0/l/">Start</a><br></li> <li><a href="http://trionfi.com/0/l/01/">Maps</a><br></li> <li><a href="http://trionfi.com/0/l/50/">Cities</a><br></li> <br><br></ul> <b>Libraries</b><ul> <li><a href="http://trionfi.com/0/l/11/">Visconti Library </a><br></li> <li><a href="http://trionfi.com/0/l/12/">Este Library </a><br></li> <li><a href="http://trionfi.com/0/l/13/">Rene Library</a><br></li> <li><a href="http://trionfi.com/0/l/14/">Literary Relationship Marcello-Rene</a><br></li> <br><br></ul> <b>Italy</b> <ul><br> <li><a href="http://trionfi.com/0/l/59-milan/">Milan</a> <li><a href="http://trionfi.com/0/l/60-ferrara/">Ferrara</a> <li><a href="http://trionfi.com/0/l/61-florence/">Florence</a> <li><a href="http://trionfi.com/0/l/51-bologna/">Bologna</a> <li><a href="http://trionfi.com/0/l/52-venice/">Venice</a> <li><a href="http://trionfi.com/0/l/55-rome/">Rome</a> <li><a href="http://trionfi.com/0/l/57-savoyen/">Region of Savoyen</a> <li><a href="http://trionfi.com/0/l/65-moncalieri/">Moncalieri (near Turin)</a> <li><a href="http://trionfi.com/0/l/62-siena/">Siena</a> <li><a href="http://trionfi.com/0/l/56-savona/">Savona</a> <li><a href="http://trionfi.com/0/l/53-parma/">Parma</a> <li><a href="http://trionfi.com/0/l/64-urbino/">Urbino</a> <li><a href="http://trionfi.com/0/l/58-fermo/">Fermo</a> <li><a href="http://trionfi.com/0/l/66-perugia/">Perugia</a> <li><a href="http://trionfi.com/0/l/54-reggio-s/">Reggio (South of Italy)</a> <li><a href="http://trionfi.com/0/l/67-abbiategrasso/">Abbiategrasso (near Milan))</a> <br><br></ul> <b>France and Burgund</b> <ul><br> <li><a href="http://trionfi.com/0/p/03/">Article to both countries</a> <li><a href="http://trionfi.com/0/l/30-avignon/">Avignon</a> <br><br></ul> <b>Spain and Portugal</b> <ul><br> <li><a href="http://trionfi.com/0/l/90-spain/">Article to both countries</a> </ul> </ul></td><td height="50" align="left" valign="top" bgcolor="#dddddd"> Cities - and their Playing Card Notes </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" bgcolor="#eeeeee"> <h1>Spain and Portugal - early playing card notes<br> - (in development)</h1> <ul> <li><B>1371</B> - "The word *naip* appears in a Catalan rhyme dictionary of 1371, the _Llibre de Concordances_, compiled by the poet Jaume March. The presence of the word in such a dictionary denotes that it was already in familiar use in that region. The _Llibre de Concordances_ or _Diccionari de Rims_ exists in three manuscripts - one in the Biblioteca Colombina in Seville, another in the Biblioteca de Catalunya in Barcelona and the third in the Biblioteca Nacional in Madrid. It was written 'at the request of the most high and powerful Lord Pedro by the grace of God King of Aragon and completed in the year MCCCLXXJ' (the reference is to Pedro IV of Aragon and III of Catalonia). A printed edition, edited by A. Griera, appeared in Barcelona in 1921 and is one of a series of philological studies published for the Institute of the Catalan Language (A. Griera, ed. _Diccionari de Rims de Jaume March_, (Barcelona: Institut d'Estudi Catalani) 1921, p. 63). Under the words ending -ip we find '_Macip, felip, garip, xorip, naip, estip, dip_'. In Catalan, no meaning other than 'playing-card' has ever been attributed to the word."<br> <b>(Ross Gregory Caldwell)</b> <li><B>1380</B> - BARCELONA. The inventory, dated 26th October 1380, kept by the Barcelona merchant Nicolas Sarmona, who lived in St. Daniel's alley (Callejon San Daniel), lists "unum ludus de nayps qui sunt quadraginta quatour pecie" ("a game of cards (naips) of 44 pieces"); a strange number which could equally well refer to two sets of tarot trumps or to a (normal) deck with 4 cards missing (an incomplete pack). <br><b>(Simon Wintle)</b> - <a href="http://www.wopc.co.uk/history/earlyrefs.html</a>Source 1380</a> <br><br> <li><B>1382 </B>- BARCELONA. The special Register of Ordinances in the historical archives of the city of Barcelona, for December 1382, includes a text prohibiting several games including dice and cards cards to be played in the house of a certain town official, subject to a fine of 10 "soldos" for each offence. <br><b>(Simon Wintle)</b> - <a href="http://www.wopc.co.uk/history/earlyrefs.html</a>Source 1382</a> <br><br> <li> <B>14-15C</B> DANIEL BARCELO, BARCELONA Card-maker. <br><b>(Simon Wintle)</b> - <a href="http://www.wopc.co.uk/history/earlyrefs.html</a>Source 14/15C</a> <br><br> <li> <B>1401</B> BARCELONA Inventory of Barcelona merchant Miguel Ca-Pila includes a pack of large cards, painted and guilded. <br><b>(Simon Wintle)</b> - <a href="http://www.wopc.co.uk/history/earlyrefs.html</a>Source 1401</a> <br><br> <li> <B>1403</B> RAIMUNDO DE SENTMENAT During his stay at the Castle of Jerica, the King of Aragon (Martin the Humane) asked him to send him 'un Joch de naips'. <br><b>(Simon Wintle)</b> - <a href="http://www.wopc.co.uk/history/earlyrefs.html</a>Source 1403</a> <br><br> <li> <B>1414 BARCELONA</B> Two distinct Barcelona inventories have entries "j joch de nayps (or 'nahyps') moreschs". <br><b>(Simon Wintle)</b> - <a href="http://www.wopc.co.uk/history/earlyrefs.html</a>Source 1414</a> <br><br> <li> <B>1421</B> JAIME ESTALOS "Grabador de naipes" <br><b>(Simon Wintle)</b> - <a href="http://www.wopc.co.uk/history/earlyrefs.html</a>Source 1421</a> <br><br> <li> <B>1428</B> MIGUEL DE ALCAYNIS and the sons of the painter BARTOLOME PEREZ, all from Valencia, received a commission from Queen Maria, wife of Alfonso the Magnanimous, to draw, paint and finish off a pack of cards. At the same time, the queen sent payment for the paper that would be necessary. <br><b>(Simon Wintle)</b> - <a href="http://www.wopc.co.uk/history/earlyrefs.html</a>Source 1428</a> <br><br> <li> <B>1429-56</B> DIEGO ALFONT, Valencia JUAN ALVAREZ " Cardmakers. <br><b>(Simon Wintle)</b> - <a href="http://www.wopc.co.uk/history/earlyrefs.html</a>Source 1429-56</a> <br><br> <li> <B>1439</B> BARCELONA An inventory entry of this year records "x jochs de naips moreschs; iij altres jochs de naips plans petits". Some form of "moorish", Islamic or Mamluk-type playing cards were evidently well-known in Spain at this time. <br><b>(Simon Wintle)</b> - <a href="http://www.wopc.co.uk/history/earlyrefs.html</a>Source 1439</a> <br><br> <li> <B>1443</B> BERNARDO SOLER "Grabador de Naipes". <br><b>(Simon Wintle)</b> - <a href="http://www.wopc.co.uk/history/earlyrefs.html</a>Source 1443</a> <br><br> <li> <B>1443</B> JUAN BRUNET, a catalan card-maker recorded as being a member of the "Cofradia de los Merceros" ("Union" or "Guild of Mercers" or "Haberdashers") before amalgamation with the playing card makers. <br><b>(Simon Wintle)</b> - <a href="http://www.wopc.co.uk/history/earlyrefs.html</a>Source 1443</a> <br><br> <li> <B>1449-53</B> ARNALDO BRU, Barcelona. <br><b>(Simon Wintle)</b> - <a href="http://www.wopc.co.uk/history/earlyrefs.html</a>Source 1449-<B>1453</B></a> <br><br> <li> <B>15c</B> Alejandro Bussero, Ramon Esquert, Miguel Fabra, Miguel Ferrer, Martin Gallart, Pedro de Laredo, Francisco Lleonart, Antonio Pelegri, Bartolome de Primerant, Miguel Sanz, Ramon Veya, recorded as card-makers from Barcelona during the fifteenth century. There was also the Borges family, from Rosellon, as well as several Castilian, Andalucian and French card-makers. <br><b>(Simon Wintle)</b> - <a href="http://www.wopc.co.uk/history/earlyrefs.html</a>Source 15C</a> <br><br> <li> <B>1456</B> RODRIGO PADROLO, Barcelona. <br><b>(Simon Wintle)</b> - <a href="http://www.wopc.co.uk/history/earlyrefs.html</a>Source 1456</a> <br><br> <li> <B>1460</B> BARCELONA An inventory entry reads: "jochs de nayps plans, y altres jochs moreschs". <br><b>(Simon Wintle)</b> - <a href="http://www.wopc.co.uk/history/earlyrefs.html</a>Source 1460</a> <br><br> <LI><B>1470-1519</B> PEDRO BORGES, BARCELONA. Another member of this dynasty of card-makers. <br><b>(Simon Wintle)</b> - <a href="http://www.wopc.co.uk/history/earlyrefs.html</a>Source 1470 - 1519</a> <br><br> <LI>1476: Reference to a prohibition of dice and card games by Ferdinand and Isabella, referring to the kingdom of Castilla. Apparantly this is the first genuine reference to cards in that area (as distinct from Catalunya). </td></tr></table> <hr><br><br> <center><b><font size="1">Trionfi.com </b>has its focus on Tarot History and especially the origin of Tarot in 15th century, also the representation of about 100 000 Tarot and other playing cards in the Tarot Museum. <br><b>The Chapter "Cities - and their Playing Card notes" gives these notes and some additional information to the cities"</b>. <br> Author: when not otherwise specified, autorbis. Copyright: trionfi.com. 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