Michel Wolgemut, the teacher of Duerer. Research to the Mantegna Tarocchi

<table width="100%" border="1" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="0" > <tr> <td valign="middle" width="60"><center><a href="http://autorbis.net" target="_blank"><img src="http://trionfi.com/00/kldreieck2.jpg" width="36" height="31" border="0" alt="autorbis.net"></a></center></td> <td valign="middle" width="120"><a href="http://trionfi.com" target="_blank"><font size="5" face="Garamond, Verdana"><b><center><i> Trionfi </i></center></b></font></a></td> <td valign="middle"> </td> </tr> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="0"> <tr><td><a name="a"><b><font size="3" color="#0033ff" face="Verdana, Arial Narrow">    A</font></b></a><a href="http://autorbis.net" target="_blank"><font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial Narrow">UTORBIS.net </font></a> - <a href="http://trionfi.com" target="_blank"><font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial Narrow">TRIONFI.com </font></a> </td> <td align="right"><font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial Narrow">created 2003 - 2006       </td> </tr></table><hr size="1" width="90%"> <table width="100%"><tr><td rowspan="2" width="30%" align="left" valign="top" bgcolor="#dddddd"> <b><font size="+1">Mantegna Tarocchi - Research Collection</font><br><br> Mantegna Tarocchi Pictures<ul> <li><a href="http://trionfi.com/mantegna/" target="_top">Mantegna Tarocchi Pictures / <br> E-series, S-Series, Ladenspelder, Dürer, Lazzarelli, Modern</a> </ul><br> <b> Material about earlier researches<br> <ul> <li><a href="http://trionfi.com/0/m/14/">Early: Lanzi, Zani, Duchesne</a> <li><a href="http://trionfi.com/0/m/15/">Brockhaus (in development)<br> - "made by the pope"</a> <li><a href="http://trionfi.com/0/m/31/">Romain Merlin, 1859<br> - "E-series was an album"</a> <li><a href="http://trionfi.com/0/m/32/">Emile Galichon 1861 <br>- "they are not playing cards"</a> <li><a href="http://trionfi.com/0/m/16/">Burlington Magazine, 1933<br>- to Angelo Parrasio</a> <li><a href="http://trionfi.com/0/m/17/">Hind's error<br> - our Lazzarelli Hypothesis</a> <li><a href="http://trionfi.com/0/m/18/">Hind's final suggestion<br>- Mantegna Tarocchi engravers</a> <li><a href="http://trionfi.com/0/m/19/">Hind's list</a><br><br> </ul> Lazzarelli Hypothesis <ul> <li><a href="http://trionfi.com/0/m/01/">Lazzarelli's Life</a> <li><a href="http://trionfi.com/0/m/02/">Lazzarelli's scriptures</a> <li><a href="http://trionfi.com/0/m/03/">Lazzarelli 1466</a> <li><a href="http://trionfi.com/0/m/04/" target="_top">Pirckheimer - to 1466</a> <li><a href="http://trionfi.com/0/m/05/t1.php" target="_blank">Pope Sixtus IV. / pictures</a> <li><a href="http://trionfi.com/0/m/06/" target="_top">Parallels to Urbino-manuscript</a> <li><a href="http://trionfi.com/0/m/07/">Fasti - the calendar</a> <li><a href="http://trionfi.com/0/m/08/">Material to Eastern 1484 or 1485</a> <li><a href="http://trionfi.com/0/m/09/">Trithemius about Faust and Mercurio</a> <li><a href="http://trionfi.com/0/m/10/">Nuremberg 1493</a> <li><a href="http://trionfi.com/0/m/20/">Lazzarelli / sources</a><br><br> </Ul> <center><hr width="80%"></center><br><br> Beggar development (Misero) <ul> <li><a href="http://trionfi.com/0/m/">Lucian, Momus, Alberti, Diogenes</a><br><br> <ul> Artes Liberales <UL> <li><a href="http://trionfi.com/0/m/72/">Artes Liberales 1425 - 1450</a> <li><a href="http://trionfi.com/0/m/76/">Gregor Reisch, 1508 - 1517</a> <br><br></UL Muses Development<ul> <li><a href="http://trionfi.com/0/d/55/">Music in Ferrara</a> <li><a href="http://trionfi.com/0/d/551/">Added: Music in Ferrara</a> <li><a href="http://trionfi.com/0/d/56/">Artists active in the Studiolo</a> <li><a href="http://trionfi.com/0/m/11/">Muses Row / Lazzarelli 1471 </a> <li><a href="http://trionfi.com/0/m/12/">Muses Row / Gaffurio 1494</a> <li><a href="http://trionfi.com/0/m/13/">Muses Row / Ficino 1469</a><br><br> </ul> Malatesta's Contribution<ul> <li><a href="http://trionfi.com/0/m/61/">Malatesta - Start</a> <li><a href="http://trionfi.com/0/m/62/">Malatesta family (1)</a> <li><a href="http://trionfi.com/0/m/63/">Malatesta family (2)</a> <li><a href="http://trionfi.com/0/m/64/">Malatesta family (3)</a> <li><a href="http://trionfi.com/0/m/68/">Duccio at the<br>Tempio Malatestiana</a> <li><a href="http://trionfi.com/0/m/69/t1.php" target="_top">Malatesta Links</a> </ul> </b> </ul></td><td height="50" align="left" valign="top" bgcolor="#dddddd"> Mantegna Tarocchi </td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" bgcolor="#eeeeee"> <h1>Trionfi project 1493 - 1497 in Nürnberg<br><font size="4">- Michael Wolgemut (1434 - 1519) and Petrus Danhauser (- 1515)</h1> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="5"> <tr> <td align="left" valign="top"> <table width="100%" bgcolor="#eeeeee" border="1" cellspacing="5" cellpadding="5" align="center"> <tr> <td><b>Tarot context:</b> Arthur M. Hind in his "Early Italian Engravings", 1938, gives the information, that <b>Michel Wolgemut</b> made woodcut copies or adaptations of the motifs of the socalled Mantegna Tarocchi for a finally unpublished work of the editor <b>Peter Danhauser, <i>Archetypus Triumphantis Romae</i></b>, between the years 1493 - 1497. From Dürer, in the years 1486 - 1490 pupil of Wolgemut, it is assumed that he painted at least a part of his pen paintings of the Mantegna Tarocchi in 1495 during his visit of the city of Venice - it's unknown, if his not completed work has a relation to the book project of Danhauser and Wolgemut. <p>According to Michael Hurst the woodcuts of Wolgemut contained motifs of the Mantegna Tarocchi and motifs of Petraca's Trionfi series. <br> According to Hind the existent woodcuts contained the Mantegna Tarocchi motifs Nos. 11, 12, 13, 15, 17, 18, 19, 22, 27, 28, 29, 34, 35, 37, 39 and 42. <br>Other informations: Sebald Schreyer, with his brother-in-law Sebastian Kammermeister financing sponsor of the "Schedel'sche Weltchronik" 1993 and already 1490 cooperating with Danhauser, was also active in the project <i>Archetypus Triumphantis Romae</i>, it seems, that also the leading humanist Celtis participated (in a letter exchange between Danhauser and Celtis Danhauser mentioned, that Celtis had taught him philosophy). After 1493 motifs of the Mantegna Tarocchi accompanied writings of Celtis and Muses decorated the living rooms of the Nurremberg humanist Pirckheimer, a friend of Albert Dürer. Nurremberg and in consequence Germany used the Mantegna Tarocchi to spread and influence German humanism.</p> </td> </tr> </table> <p><b><font size="4">Michel Wolgemut</font></b> </p> <p>Son of the painter (?) Valentin Wolgemut, started to wander as a painter around 1450 (probably in Flandern) and was before 1471 in Munich in the workshop of Gabriel "the painter of Munich" (probably Gabriel Mäleskircher), where he tried to marry Magdalena, the daughter of the painter, which was promised to him, but he was refused finally and lost in a process. In 1473 he married the widow of the Hans Pleydenwurff (ca. 1420 -1472), the major artist in Nuremberg, whose workshop he took in cooperation with the son of the painter, Wilhelm Pleydenwurff. Although as artist considered to be of lower quality than Pleydenwurff, he established successfully as leading workshop in the city, engaged in religious paintings and woodcarvings, even stained glass windows. His major contribution, however, became (working in cooperation with his partner Wilhelm Pleydenwurff) about 1800 different woodcuts in the famous "Weltchronik" of Schedel. In 1493 already about 60 years old, Wolgemut reached an high age and stayed active till his death in 1519 (his partner Wilhelm Pleyendorff died 1494).</p> <p><b><font size="4">Peter (or Petrus) Danhauser</font></b></p> <p>Rather unknown, called a "humanistic professor", said to have died 1515. He is noted variously as editor from 1489 - 1497</p> <ul> <li><b>1489:</b> Was involved in the Nuremberg production (after November 1489) of <b>Fidelis Cassandra:</b> <b><i>Oratio pro Bertucio Lamberto</i></b> (1487). The Nuremberg edition contained beside the main text some letters (one from Peter Danhauser, Nuremberg 22th November 1489), a poem from Pescennius Franciscus Niger, an ode of Conradus Celtis and a woodcut of Albrecht Dürer (<a href="http://www.lib.uchicago.edu/efts/IWW/BIOS/A0015.html" target="_blank">info to Fidelis Cassandra</a>, early Italian "feminist", engaged for the higher education of women) <li><b>1490: </b>was editor of<b> Repertorium auctoritatum Aristotelis et aliorum philosophorum. </b>- With: Auctoritates Ciceronis.  Valerius Maximus: Facta et dicta memorabilia <Ausz. Lib. 5> De Marco Cicerone.  With a dedication to Sebald Schreyer, Nürnberg 26. 7. 1490, with epitaph on Cicero (Walther, Initia 7951 und 7975) and poem Tingere dispositis chartas. Printed in Nuremberg,<b> </b>Peter Wagner [c. 1491-92] 4° <br> <li><b>1490:</b> was editor: <b>Barbarus, Hermolaus (the younger):</b> <b><i>Oratio ad Fridericum III. imperatorem et Maximilianum I. regem Romanorum</i></b>. Brügge, 1486. 08. 03. - Contains: Gratiadei, Antonius: Responsio extemporanea ad Hermolaum Barbarum. With letter from Hermolaus Barbarus to Johannes Carondeletus, Brügge 4. 8. 1486, and the answer, Brügge 9. 8. 1486. - Brunus, Ludovicus: Gratulatio de Maximiliani Romanorum regis coronatione. - with dedication letter to Konrad Stepeck, Nürnberg 2. 3. 1490, printed Nürnberg: Peter Wagner, nach 1490. 04. 02.] 4° <li><b>1491: </b>was editor. <b>Anselmus (Anselm of Canterbury).</b> <b><i>Opera,</i></b> printed by Caspar Hochfeder <li><b>1494:</b> was editor of <b>Thomas von Kempen: <i>Opera, </i></b>printed in Nürnberg by Kaspar Hochfeder, 29.XI. 1494. The edition contained an addition of Georg Pirckamer (relative of Willibald Pirckheiner ?); [Thomas von Kempen (1379 - 1471), German mystic from the lower Rhine,<a href="http://www.ignatius.com/PressRelease/ThomasaKempisBIO.pdf" target="_blank"> info</a>]Katalogisat erstellt: © Franziskaner Schwaz <li><b>1495:</b> was editor <b>Jacobus (de Gruytrode) : <i>Specula omnis status vitae humanae</i></b>. With dedication letter to Georg Pirckheimer, Nürnberg 19. 1. 1495, printed Nürnberg: Peter Wagner, 1495. 01. 28. 4° [Jacobus de Gruytrode died 1472] <li><b>1496:</b> was editor: <b>Guillermus Alvernus, Episcopus Parisiensis. <i>Opera</i></b>. With table by Johann Rosenbach. Printed in Nuremberg: Georg Stuchs, after 31 March 1496</ul><br><br> </td> <td align="rigth" width="300" valign="top"> <center> <img src="http://trionfi.com/0/g/p/wolgemut-1516.jpg" alt="" height="311" width="296" border="0"><br> <b>Michel Wolgemut 1516, 82 years old<br>painted by Albrecht Dürer</b><br><br> <img src="http://trionfi.com/0/g/p/wolgemut-schedel.jpg" alt="" height="438" width="223" border="0"> <br><br> <b>Weltchronik of Schedel<br>produced 1490 - 1493</b><br><br> <img src="http://trionfi.com/0/g/p/wolgemut-philosophia.jpg" alt="" height="324" width="200" border="0"><br><br> <b>Philosophia / Mantegna Tarocchi<br>woodcut of Wolgemut </b> </center> </td> </tr></table> <TABLE BORDER="0" CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" WIDTH="100%"><TD><hr> <CENTER><IMG SRC="p/mercurio-celtis.jpg"> <IMG SRC="p/minerva-celtis.jpg"><br><br>Mercury and Minerva in an edition of Celtis' "Germanie" <br><A HREF="http://www.uni-mannheim.de/mateo/camena/celtis1/te01.html">(Quatuor libri amorum secundum quatuor latera Germanie, 1502)</A><br>with similarities to Mercurio and Philosophia in the Mantegna Tarocchi<br>(Conrad Celtis became from 1500 - 1508 a dominant figure in German humanism)<br><br> <IMG SRC="p/celtis-duerer.jpg"><br><br><br></center> <br><br><B>(text in progress - autorbis)</b> </TD></TABLE> </td></tr></table> <hr><br><br> <center><b><font size="1">Trionfi.com </b>has its focus on Tarot History and especially the origin of Tarot in 15th century, also the representation of about 100 000 Tarot and other playing cards in the Tarot Museum. <br><b>The chapter "Mantegna Tarocchi"</b> presents specific material to the socalled "Mantegna Tarocchi" - it's likely not produced by Andrea Mantegna, the famous painter. We present a specific hypothesis, by us called "Lazzarelli hypothesis", which contradicts common opinions about the objects, 50 copperplate engravings, which are sorted in a 5x10-scheme and of which not a single playing card deck of the early time has survived, but a lot of "normal" copperplate engravings (general opinion assumes, that they were never polaying cards in the early time). Common opinion usually says, based on the representation and arguments of Arthur M. Hind in the year 1938, that this composition was manufactured around 1465 ... we contradict and assume, that it was produced, after Ludovico Lazzarelli found some pictures in a Venetian bookstore and composed out of them 27 illuminations accompanying a manuscript. Then the final redaction would have been surely after 1470 ... for special reasons we suggest a date around 1475.<br> The Mantegna Tarocchi is extant in two different versions, one is called E-series and normally assumed to be the older, the other is called S-series. <br> Author: when not otherwise specified, autorbis. Copyright: trionfi.com. 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