New Trionfi Card Notes 2011/2012 (1440 - 1462)
composed by Lothar Teikemeier, last updated 06.12.2012
Added in September 2013: This article has become obsolete through more "recent results" and stands here merely for "memory functions".
When Ross Caldwell and me in 2003 started to collect Trionfi notes between 1442-1463, we had about 27/28 entries (which I nowadays would count as 31). The major part were the documents of Ferrara, which were collected by Gherardo Ortalli and Adriano Franceschini in the "Prince and the Playing Cards" (1996), after the base laying works of Michael Dummett and Stuart Kaplan around 1980. This collection included 2 notes about Trionfi cards in Florence, found by Franco Pratesi in his earlier work. A graphical representation of this time (with 27 entries) shows the dominance of Ferrarese documents (in black) with a few notes only from other locations (in red):  In the period 2004 till October 2011 it was possible to add 4 further notes (Siena 1452, Padova 1455, Ancona c. 1460 and Valerio Marcello c. 1460), mainly thanks to information given by Thierry Depaulis. This collection had 2 notes about Trionfi cards in Florence. Franco Pratesi started his article series in November 2011. Since then the list has gotten 67 new documents (65 of them found by Franco Pratesi, one, now the oldest of September 1440, by Thierry Depaulis, and another one by Veber Gulinelli, who controlled the earlier work of Franceschini and found an overlooked document) and nearly all are related to Florence or its surrounding. I've added a few documents during the work on this list, cause our criteria, which is a "Trionfi document", have changed a little bit, and sorted the new documents in two different ways: 1. according the producers, and 2. according the time. From this a new timeline will be developed, which merges the older known dates (wich existed before Franco Pratesi's gigantic new input) with this new dates (however, this may take some time, but at least it's the intention). |
New Entries - SORTED ACCORDING PRODUCERS
Silk dealers acquire Trionfi decksAntonio di Dino / Silk dealers1451-01-26 Florence - 2 Trionfi decks (Mezzani / 14 Soldi) 1452-05-27 Florence - 4 Trionfi decks (14 Soldi) 1452-07-29 Florence - 12 Trionfi decks (14 Soldi) 1452-09-22 Florence - 6 Trionfi decks 1452-12-12 Florence - 8 Trionfi decks (8 Soldi) Matteo Ballerini / Silk dealers (Uscita C)1453-01-20 Florence - 1 Trionfi deck (Grande 18 Soldi) 1453-01-20 Florence - 4 Trionfi deck (Piccolo 14 Soldi) 1453-06-20 Florence - 4 Trionfi decks (16? Soldi) 1454-02-23 Florence - 2 Trionfi decks (14 Soldi) 1455-02-11 Florence - 3 Trionfi decks (10 Soldi) 1456-03-24 Florence - 2 Trionfi decks (10 Soldi) 1460-05-28 Florence - 4 Trionfi decks (? Soldi) Matteo Ballerini / Silk dealers (Ricordanze C)1453-11-02 Florence - 12 Trionfi decks (Piccolo 9 Soldi) 1453-12-12 Florence - ? Trionfi decks (totally 132 Soldi golden)
Acquired by: Silk dealers Lorenzo di Bartolo / Matteo di Zanobi 1454-10-12 Florence - 1 Trionfi deck (Grande 18 Soldi) 1454-10-26 Florence - 5 decks with Trionfi and gilded cards (totally c. 86 Soldi) 1454-11-16 Florence - 2 Trionfi decks (Piccolo 10 Soldi) 1455-02-08 Florence - 3 Trionfi decks (Piccolo 10 Soldi) 1455-04-05 Florence - 2 Trionfi decks (Piccolo 10 Soldi) 1455-06-23 Florence - 1 Trionfi deck (Dorati 18 Soldi) 1456-03-24 Florence - 2 Trionfi decks (Dorati 10 Soldi) 1458-05-20 Florence - 4 Trionfi decks (? Soldi) Giovanni di Domenico / Silk Dealers1449-12-09 Florence - 6 Trionfi decks (11? Soldi) 1450-04-04 Florence - 3 Trionfi decks (9 Soldi) 1452-05-31 Florence - 6 Trionfi decks (9.33 Soldi) 1453-06-28 Florence - 12 Trionfi decks (9 Soldi) Manetto d'Agnolo merciai / Silk Dealers1453-08-22 Florence - 4 Trionfi decks (? Soldi) 1454-06-21 Florence - 4 Trionfi decks (Mezzani 25 Soldi) 1454-08-23 Florence - 2 Trionfi decks (Grande Dorati 40 Soldi) 1454-11-17 Florence - Trionfi decks (Grande 40 Soldi) 1454-12-18 Florence - 6 Trionfi decks (Mezzani 25 Soldi) 1455-03-19-18 Florence - 6 Trionfi decks (Piccolo 25 Soldi) Various suppliers / Silk Dealers1452-06-22 Florence - 12 Trionfi decks (9 Soldi) 1452-11-16 Florence - 12 Trionfi decks (9 Soldi) 1452-11-16 Florence - 1 Trionfi (?) deck (20 Soldi) 1453-01-10 Florence - 12 Trionfi decks (9 Soldi) 1453-08-31 Florence - 12 Trionfi decks (Piccolo 9 Soldi) 1455-04-02 Florence - 12 Trionfi decks (Piccolo 7.42 Soldi) Further activitiesSilk dealers sell Trionfi decks1445-01-23 Florence - 1 Trionfi deck (Grande / 25 Soldi) 1450-01-22: Florence - 2 Trionfi decks (12 Soldi) :1451-05-13 Florence - 2 Trionfi decks (Grande / 10.67 Soldi) :1454-03-18 Florence - 6 Trionfi decks (9.5 Soldi) Lapini family sells Trionfi decks1453-01-01 Florence - 2 Trionfi decks (Piccini / 14 Soldi) 1453-02-17 Florence - 4 Trionfi decks (Mezzani / 14 Soldi) 1453-02-17 Florence - 1 Trionfi deck, begli or fine (Grandi / 16.50 Soldi) 1453-06-26 Florence - 4 Trionfi decks, (14 Soldi) 1454-02-08 Florence - 1 Trionfi deck, (14 Soldi) Filippo di Marco for Bartolomeo di Pagholo Seragli1453-03-10 Florence - 1 Trionfi deck "fatogli" (total f. 8) 1453-03-21 Florence - Trionfi deck not mentioned, payment possibly related to production of 1453-31-03 (f. 1, s. 4) 1453-03-31 Florence - 2 Trionfi decks "fatogli" (total f. 5 s. 18 d. 4.) 1455-03-29 Florence - 3 Trionfi decks and 2 card decks (total f. 4) 1455-09-06 Florence - (1? or more?) Trionfi decks (f. 2 ) 1455-09-20 Florence - (1 ? or more ?) Trionfi decks (f. 1) 1455-09-27 Florence - decks are not mentioned (f.2 s.6 d.7.) 1455-10-10 Florence - 1 Trionfi deck (f.2 s.6 d.7.) 1455-10-21 Florence - "resto di trionfi auti da lui insino" (f.7 s.- d.8.) 1456-04-17 Florence - "trionfi gli deve fare" (f. 3 s.20 d.6) 1456-04-30 Florence - "per parte di trionfi gl’àne a fare" (f.4 s.26 d.7) 1456-05-15 Florence - "per trionfi che da lui" (f.2 s.9 d.8.) 1458-04-01 Florence - 2 Trionfi decks (total f. 3 s.10 d.6.) Other new documents1440-09-16 Florence - oldest Trionfi - (4 and 1/2 ducati) 1451: Gambassi (Florentine territory) - Trionfi allowance in Statutes 1451-03-12 Siena/Asinalunga - Trionfi allowance in Statutes 1451-08-05 Florence - 1 Trionfi deck bought by user (12 Soldi) 1453 Import to Rome - 8 Triunfi decks together with 12 pictures on wood (total 10 ducats) 1460-07-14:A Trionfi entry in the Ferrarese account books was found, which were overlooked in the earlier work of Francesschini: 1462-02-19 Florence - 96 Trionfi decks 1463 and later: the Esch report and its discussions had a big influence on the start of this project.
Esch's material offers various Trionfi card notes from 1463 and later (with a very relevant import note of 309 decks for the year 1464), but playing cards didn't get much attention in his work of 2007. Arnold Esch announced another work, that will be published soon and will present his playing card notes with more detail. So there is hope to get new input to the lists. |
New Entries - SORTED ACCORDING A TIMELINE
1440 (1)1440-09-16 Florence - oldest Trionfi - (4 and 1/2 ducati) 1445 (1)1445-01-23 Florence - 1 Trionfi deck (Grande / 25 Soldi) 1449 (1)1449-12-09 Florence - 6 Trionfi decks (11? Soldi) 1450 (2)1450-01-22: Florence - 2 Trionfi decks (12 Soldi) 1450-04-04 Florence - 3 Trionfi decks (9 Soldi) 1451 (5)1451-01-26 Florence - 2 Trionfi decks (Mezzani / 14 Soldi) 1451: Gambassi (Florentine territory) - Trionfi allowance in Statutes 1451-03-12 Siena/Asinalunga - Trionfi allowance in Statutes :1451-05-13 Florence - 2 Trionfi decks (Grande / 10.67 Soldi) 1451-08-05 Florence - 1 Trionfi deck bought by user (12 Soldi) 1452 (8)1452-05-27 Florence - 4 Trionfi decks (14 Soldi) 1452-05-31 Florence - 6 Trionfi decks (9.33 Soldi) 1452-06-22 Florence - 12 Trionfi decks (9 Soldi) 1452-07-29 Florence - 12 Trionfi decks (14 Soldi) 1452-09-22 Florence - 6 Trionfi decks 1452-11-16 Florence - 12 Trionfi decks (9 Soldi) 1452-11-16 Florence - 1 Trionfi (?) deck (20 Soldi) 1452-12-12 Florence - 8 Trionfi decks (8 Soldi) 1453 (17)1453 Import to Rome - 8 Triunfi decks together with 12 pictures on wood (total 10 ducats) 1453-01-01 Florence - 2 Trionfi decks (Piccini / 14 Soldi) 1453-01-10 Florence - 12 Trionfi decks (9 Soldi) 1453-01-20 Florence - 1 Trionfi deck (Grande 18 Soldi) 1453-01-20 Florence - 4 Trionfi deck (Piccolo 14 Soldi) 1453-02-17 Florence - 4 Trionfi decks (Mezzani / 14 Soldi) 1453-02-17 Florence - 1 Trionfi deck, begli or fine (Grandi / 16.50 Soldi) 1453-03-10 Florence - 1 Trionfi deck "fatogli" (total f. 8) 1453-03-21 Florence - Trionfi deck not mentioned, payment possibly related to production of 1453-31-03 (f. 1, s. 4) 1453-03-31 Florence - 2 Trionfi decks "fatogli" (total f. 5 s. 18 d. 4.) 1453-06-20 Florence - 4 Trionfi decks (16? Soldi) 1453-06-26 Florence - 4 Trionfi decks, (14 Soldi) 1453-06-28 Florence - 12 Trionfi decks (9 Soldi) 1453-08-22 Florence - 4 Trionfi decks (? Soldi) 1453-08-31 Florence - 12 Trionfi decks (Piccolo 9 Soldi) 1453-11-02 Florence - 12 Trionfi decks (Piccolo 9 Soldi) 1453-12-12 Florence - ? Trionfi decks (totally 132 Soldi golden)
Acquired by: Silk dealers Lorenzo di Bartolo / Matteo di Zanobi 1454 (12)1454-02-05 Ferrara - New document about preparation mass production 1454 1454-02-08 Florence - 1 Trionfi deck, (14 Soldi) 1454-02-23 Florence - 2 Trionfi decks (14 Soldi) :1454-03-18 Florence - 6 Trionfi decks (9.5 Soldi) 1454-05-22 Ferrara - New document about mass production 1454 (totally 11 decks were produced) 1454-06-21 Florence - 4 Trionfi decks (Mezzani 25 Soldi) 1454-08-23 Florence - 2 Trionfi decks (Grande Dorati 40 Soldi) 1454-10-12 Florence - 1 Trionfi deck (Grande 18 Soldi) 1454-10-26 Florence - 5 decks with Trionfi and gilded cards (totally c. 86 Soldi) 1454-11-16 Florence - 2 Trionfi decks (Piccolo 10 Soldi) 1454-11-17 Florence - Trionfi decks (Grande 40 Soldi) 1454-12-18 Florence - 6 Trionfi decks (Mezzani 25 Soldi) 1455 (12)1455-02-08 Florence - 3 Trionfi decks (Piccolo 10 Soldi) 1455-02-11 Florence - 3 Trionfi decks (10 Soldi) 1455-03-19 Florence - 6 Trionfi decks (Piccolo 25 Soldi) 1455-03-29 Florence - 3 Trionfi decks and 2 card decks (total f. 4) 1455-04-02 Florence - 12 Trionfi decks (Piccolo 7.42 Soldi) 1455-04-05 Florence - 2 Trionfi decks (Piccolo 10 Soldi) 1455-06-23 Florence - 1 Trionfi deck (Dorati 18 Soldi) 1455-09-06 Florence - (1? or more?) Trionfi decks (f. 2 ) 1455-09-20 Florence - (1 ? or more ?) Trionfi decks (f. 1) 1455-09-27 Florence - decks are not mentioned (f.2 s.6 d.7.) 1455-10-10 Florence - 1 Trionfi deck (f.2 s.6 d.7.) 1455-10-21 Florence - "resto di trionfi auti da lui insino" (f.7 s.- d.8.) 1456 (4)1456-03-24 Florence - 2 Trionfi decks (10 Soldi) 1456-04-17 Florence - "trionfi gli deve fare" (f. 3 s.20 d.6) 1456-04-30 Florence - "per parte di trionfi gl’àne a fare" (f.4 s.26 d.7) 1456-05-15 Florence - "per trionfi che da lui" (f.2 s.9 d.8.) 1458 (3)1458 Ferrara - new additional production note for Petrecino in 1458 1458-04-01 Florence - 2 Trionfi decks (total f. 3 s.10 d.6.) 1458-05-20 Florence - 4 Trionfi decks (? Soldi) 1460 (2)1460-05-28 Florence - 4 Trionfi decks (? Soldi) 1460-07-14 A Trionfi entry in the Ferrarese account books was found, which was overlooked in the earlier work of Francesschini 1462 (1)1462-02-19 Florence - 96 Trionfi decks |
Veber Gulinelli: 
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Repeated Note: When Ross Caldwell and me in 2003 started to collect Trionfi notes between 1442-1463, we had about 27/28 entries (which I nowadays would count as 31). The major part were the documents of Ferrara, which were collected by Gherardo Ortalli and Adriano Franceschini in the "Prince and the Playing Cards" (1996), after the base laying works of Michael Dummett and Stuart Kaplan around 1980. This collection included 2 notes about Trionfi cards in Florence, found by Franco Pratesi in his earlier work (allowances of the Trionfi game in 1450 and 1463). A graphical representation of this time (with 27 entries) shows the dominance of Ferrarese documents (in black) with a few notes only from other locations (in red; see picture to the right) In the period 2004 till October 2011 it was possible to add 4 further notes (Siena 1452, Padova 1455, Ancona c. 1460 and Valerio Marcello c. 1460), mainly thanks to information given by Thierry Depaulis. Franco Pratesi started his new article series in November 2011. Since then the list has gotten 67 new documents till September 2012 (65 of them found by Franco Pratesi, one, now the oldest of September 1440, by Thierry Depaulis, and another one by Veber Gulinelli, who controlled the earlier work of Franceschini and found an overlooked document) and nearly all are related to Florence or its surrounding. A small book (118 pages) was published around Christmas 2012, Franco Pratesi: "Playing Card Trade in 15th Century Florence" as IPCS Paper No. 7 (ISSN 0305-2133). It contains some of the articles, which before had appeared at this website, those, which treat the early time of 15th century. Thierry Depaulis commented in his foreword: "This book is a landmark in the history of early playing cards in Italy". Well, maybe not the book, but the research is clearly a landmark in various interests. For the collection of early Trionfi notes it somehow means, that we have within the year 2012 about 200 % more data for the period 1440-1462 than mankind had collected in the 200 years before. Added later: In August 2013 the new report of Arnold und Doris Esch: "Aus der Frühgeschichte der Spielkarte. Der Import von carte da giocare und trionfi nach Rom." in Gutenberg Jahrbuch 2013, 88. Jahrgang, p. 41-53, arrived in our redaction. It contains 106 new references to Trionfi decks, which all were found in the customs registers of the city Rome for the period 1453-1465. With this the number of all earlier Trionfi cards records has been doubled and should have reached then c. 210 (from which a few are only considered to be "Trionfi card notes" and don't contain the word "Trionfi" or something similar). *********** I'd started to sort the new Trionfi card documents overview in October 2012. Articles will be possibly changed according improvements in research. |
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